Originally located at 10-14 John Mackintosh Square (ex-Ye Old Rock), this Royal Insurance Fire Mark was removed prior to the demolition of the buildings in 2014 and is now held under care by the Gibraltar Heritage Trust.

The Royal Insurance Company was established in Liverpool in 1845 before expanding its operations substantially by acquiring the Liverpool & London Globe Insurance, another major provincial insurance business, in 1919.

The Mark removed from 10-14 John Mackintosh Square appears to be of late 19^th Century to early 20^th Century origins. This type of mark was usually presented as a red shield crown with gold coloured letters and crown.

Fire Insurance Plaques

After the Great Fire of London in 1666, which damaged or destroyed most of the historic city, there grew an urgent need for a more organized response to fires. This led to the creation of the world’s first property insurance policies.

Insurance companies soon realized that it was much cheaper to prevent fires than to pay for the reconstruction of burnt out buildings so they established their own in-house fire brigades, tasked with protecting the buildings covered under policy—and, in many cases, only those buildings.

To distinguish those building which were insured, insurance companies designed their own fire insurance plaques which were then installed on the exterior of the buildings.

Prior to 1865 there was no Fire Brigade as such in Gibraltar, so all firefighting duties were carried out by the Military. The Sanitary Order in Council which set up the Sanitary Commissioners in 1865 placed upon them the responsibility of the prevention and extinction of fires. The Order in Council also authorised the Governor to make from time to time, Rules and Regulations for the extinction and prevention of fires. So although there was never a need to establish private fire brigades as in London for example, insurance companies in Gibraltar nevertheless issued their own fire insurance plaques serving as useful advertisements to those buildings insured by their company.

Today, only a few examples of these unique fire insurance plaques remain.

Royal Fire Mark coloured example.